glacier anatomy

The lowest end of a glacier is called a glacier terminus, glacier snout, or glacier toe.

I learned the "glacier toe" part from some Wikipedia article, but the other two terms are from the National Snow and Ice Data Center glossary, where I also learned that small icebergs can be classified as growlers or bergy bits.

hamsters and snails

Snail racing and hamster racing are both sports in the UK.

I learned this from Wikipedia. Where else?

See also: The World Snail Racing Championships, where the winner gets a cup of lettuce.

Venn diagrams

When I learned about Venn diagrams as a kid, they usually had only two or three rings, or sets. But here's one with six sets by John Venn himself:

Here's another one, by A. W. F. Edwards:

I learned this from Venn diagram on Wikipedia.

See also: A Survey of Venn Diagrams, which has a lot of math that is way, way over my head, but also some cool images.

Image credits:
1. top image: Wikimedia commons, originally by Kopophex
2. bottom image: Wikimedia commons

swallowing sound

Scientists used to believe that sound waves travel through a whale's lower jaw to its ear.  In 2008, computer modeling showed that sound actually enters the whale's throat, then passes into a fatty channel that transfers the vibrations to the whale's ear.

I learned this from How is that whale listening? via Whale. The computer model was based on Cuvier's beaked whale, which holds the record for the deepest dive (6230 feet) by an air-breathing animal.

eyeballs and brains

Tarsiers and ostriches have eyeballs that are the same size as their respective brains. 

I learned this from: 
1. Two Texting Tarsiers 
2. Freaks of Nature: Tarsier (Tarsius), South-East Asian islands 
3. Ostrich Fact or Fiction - American Ostrich Association 

image credit: Wikimedia Commons, where you can also find many other pictures of tarsiers going ( O.O)